黨史百年天天讀 · 6月1日
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重要論述
1943年6月1日
毛(mao)澤東(dong)主持(chi)召開中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)政治(zhi)局會(hui)議(yi),討論(lun)(lun)通過(guo)(guo)由(you)他起草的(de)(de)(de)(de)《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)關(guan)于(yu)(yu)領(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)決(jue)(jue)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)》。決(jue)(jue)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)著重(zhong)論(lun)(lun)述了一(yi)(yi)般(ban)和(he)(he)個(ge)(ge)(ge)別(bie)相結(jie)(jie)合(he)、領(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)和(he)(he)群(qun)(qun)(qun)眾(zhong)(zhong)相結(jie)(jie)合(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)兩(liang)個(ge)(ge)(ge)領(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa),指出:必(bi)須(xu)是(shi)(shi)從群(qun)(qun)(qun)眾(zhong)(zhong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)來,到群(qun)(qun)(qun)眾(zhong)(zhong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)去(qu)。這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)說(shuo),將群(qun)(qun)(qun)眾(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)意見(jian)集(ji)(ji)(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)起來(經過(guo)(guo)研(yan)究,化(hua)(hua)為集(ji)(ji)(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)系統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)意見(jian)),又到群(qun)(qun)(qun)眾(zhong)(zhong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)去(qu)作(zuo)宣(xuan)傳解(jie)釋,化(hua)(hua)為群(qun)(qun)(qun)眾(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)意見(jian),使群(qun)(qun)(qun)眾(zhong)(zhong)堅(jian)持(chi)下(xia)(xia)去(qu),見(jian)之(zhi)于(yu)(yu)行(xing)動,并在(zai)(zai)群(qun)(qun)(qun)眾(zhong)(zhong)行(xing)動中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)考驗這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)些意見(jian)是(shi)(shi)否(fou)正(zheng)確(que)。然后再從群(qun)(qun)(qun)眾(zhong)(zhong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)集(ji)(ji)(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)起來,再到群(qun)(qun)(qun)眾(zhong)(zhong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)堅(jian)持(chi)下(xia)(xia)去(qu)。如(ru)此無(wu)限循環,一(yi)(yi)次比一(yi)(yi)次地(di)更(geng)正(zheng)確(que)、更(geng)生動、更(geng)豐(feng)富。這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)馬(ma)克(ke)思主義的(de)(de)(de)(de)認識論(lun)(lun)。從群(qun)(qun)(qun)眾(zhong)(zhong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)集(ji)(ji)(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)起來又到群(qun)(qun)(qun)眾(zhong)(zhong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)堅(jian)持(chi)下(xia)(xia)去(qu),以形(xing)成正(zheng)確(que)的(de)(de)(de)(de)領(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)意見(jian),這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)是(shi)(shi)基本的(de)(de)(de)(de)領(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)。在(zai)(zai)集(ji)(ji)(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和(he)(he)堅(jian)持(chi)過(guo)(guo)程中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),必(bi)須(xu)采取一(yi)(yi)般(ban)號召和(he)(he)個(ge)(ge)(ge)別(bie)指導(dao)(dao)相結(jie)(jie)合(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa),這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)是(shi)(shi)前一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)組成部分。決(jue)(jue)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)還(huan)指出:在(zai)(zai)運用這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)些領(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)時要注(zhu)意抓(zhua)住(zhu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心工作(zuo),在(zai)(zai)任何(he)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)地(di)區內,不能同時有(you)許多中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心工作(zuo),在(zai)(zai)一(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)時間內只能有(you)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心工作(zuo),輔以別(bie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)第二位(wei)、第三(san)位(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)工作(zuo)。領(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)人員依照每一(yi)(yi)具(ju)體地(di)區的(de)(de)(de)(de)歷史條件和(he)(he)環境條件,統(tong)籌全(quan)局,正(zheng)確(que)地(di)決(jue)(jue)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)每一(yi)(yi)時期的(de)(de)(de)(de)工作(zuo)重(zhong)心和(he)(he)工作(zuo)秩序,并把這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)種決(jue)(jue)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)堅(jian)持(chi)地(di)貫徹(che)下(xia)(xia)去(qu),務必(bi)得(de)到一(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)結(jie)(jie)果,這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)是(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)種領(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)藝術(shu)。這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也是(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)運用領(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)和(he)(he)群(qun)(qun)(qun)眾(zhong)(zhong)相結(jie)(jie)合(he)、一(yi)(yi)般(ban)和(he)(he)個(ge)(ge)(ge)別(bie)相結(jie)(jie)合(he)這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)些原則時,必(bi)須(xu)注(zhu)意解(jie)決(jue)(jue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)領(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)問題。這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)個(ge)(ge)(ge)決(jue)(jue)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)以《關(guan)于(yu)(yu)領(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)若干問題》為題,收(shou)入《毛(mao)澤東(dong)選(xuan)集(ji)(ji)(ji)》第三(san)卷(juan)。
1946年6月1日
毛(mao)澤東(dong)為中共中央起草致(zhi)鄭位三、李先(xian)念(nian)、王震(zhen)的電(dian)報(bao)。電(dian)報(bao)就(jiu)中原部(bu)隊準(zhun)備突(tu)(tu)圍問題指出:(一(yi))美蔣對(dui)(dui)我極(ji)(ji)為惡劣(lie),全面內戰(zhan)不可避免。(二)必須準(zhun)備對(dui)(dui)付敵人襲擊(ji)及突(tu)(tu)圍作(zuo)戰(zhan),預擬突(tu)(tu)圍后集(ji)中行(xing)動(dong)(dong)及分(fen)散行(xing)動(dong)(dong)兩(liang)個計劃。大概在突(tu)(tu)圍及突(tu)(tu)圍后一(yi)個時期內,以全軍集(ji)中行(xing)動(dong)(dong)為有利(li);而(er)在敵人追剿(jiao)緊(jin)急,行(xing)軍給(gei)養均極(ji)(ji)困難(nan)時,便(bian)應(ying)分(fen)為兩(liang)股(gu)或三股(gu),各自獨立行(xing)動(dong)(dong),可以避免集(ji)中行(xing)動(dong)(dong)之(zhi)困難(nan),而(er)利(li)于分(fen)別牽制敵人與互相作(zuo)戰(zhan)略上(shang)之(zhi)策應(ying)。(三)目前時機緊(jin)迫,你們(men)應(ying)充分(fen)注(zhu)意,并團結內部(bu),準(zhun)備艱(jian)苦斗(dou)爭(zheng)。
1998年6月1日
江澤民在(zai)會見出席中(zhong)國(guo)科學院第(di)九次(ci)院士大會、中(zhong)國(guo)工程(cheng)院第(di)四次(ci)院士大會的(de)(de)部分院士和(he)外籍院士時(shi)強(qiang)調(diao),創新(xin)(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)關鍵(jian)在(zai)人才(cai)。他(ta)(ta)指(zhi)出:當今世(shi)界,以信息(xi)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)為主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)標(biao)志的(de)(de)科技(ji)(ji)進(jin)步日新(xin)(xin)(xin)月異,高新(xin)(xin)(xin)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)成果向(xiang)現實生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)力的(de)(de)轉化越(yue)來越(yue)快,初(chu)見端倪的(de)(de)知(zhi)識(shi)經濟預(yu)示人類的(de)(de)經濟社(she)會生(sheng)活將發(fa)生(sheng)新(xin)(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)巨大變化。世(shi)界各國(guo)都在(zai)抓緊(jin)制定面(mian)向(xiang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)世(shi)紀的(de)(de)發(fa)展戰略,爭(zheng)先搶占(zhan)科技(ji)(ji)、產(chan)(chan)(chan)業、經濟的(de)(de)制高點。面(mian)對這(zhe)個態勢,我(wo)們(men)必(bi)(bi)(bi)須順應潮(chao)流,乘勢而上。他(ta)(ta)指(zhi)出:迎接未來科學技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)挑戰,最重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)(de)是要(yao)堅持創新(xin)(xin)(xin),勇于創新(xin)(xin)(xin)。科技(ji)(ji)創新(xin)(xin)(xin)已越(yue)來越(yue)成為當今社(she)會生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)力解放和(he)發(fa)展的(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)基礎和(he)標(biao)志。我(wo)國(guo)要(yao)跟(gen)上世(shi)界科技(ji)(ji)進(jin)步的(de)(de)步伐(fa),必(bi)(bi)(bi)須千方(fang)百計加快知(zhi)識(shi)創新(xin)(xin)(xin),加快高新(xin)(xin)(xin)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業化。而創新(xin)(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)關鍵(jian)在(zai)人才(cai),必(bi)(bi)(bi)須有一(yi)批又一(yi)批優秀年輕(qing)人才(cai)脫穎而出,必(bi)(bi)(bi)須大量培養年輕(qing)的(de)(de)科學家和(he)工程(cheng)師。我(wo)們(men)一(yi)定要(yao)大力培養任用年輕(qing)人。這(zhe)應該成為我(wo)們(men)推動科技(ji)(ji)創新(xin)(xin)(xin)、知(zhi)識(shi)創新(xin)(xin)(xin)和(he)其他(ta)(ta)各個方(fang)面(mian)創新(xin)(xin)(xin)工作(zuo)的(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)指(zhi)導思想。這(zhe)篇(pian)講話的(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)部分以《創新(xin)(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)關鍵(jian)在(zai)人才(cai)》為題,收入《江澤民文選(xuan)》第(di)二卷(juan)。
2015年6月1日
習近(jin)平在會見中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)少年(nian)先(xian)鋒隊(dui)第七(qi)次(ci)全國(guo)代表大會代表時寄語全國(guo)各族少年(nian)兒童指出(chu),童年(nian)是(shi)人的(de)一生中(zhong)(zhong)最寶(bao)貴的(de)時期,在這個時期就注意樹(shu)立正確的(de)人生目標,培養好(hao)思想、好(hao)品行、好(hao)習慣,今天做(zuo)祖(zu)國(guo)的(de)好(hao)兒童,明天做(zuo)祖(zu)國(guo)的(de)建設者,美好(hao)的(de)生活屬(shu)于你們,美麗的(de)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)夢屬(shu)于你們。
他強(qiang)調,要從小學(xue)習(xi)(xi)做(zuo)人(ren)(ren)。世(shi)界(jie)上最(zui)難的事情,就(jiu)是怎樣(yang)(yang)做(zuo)人(ren)(ren)、怎樣(yang)(yang)做(zuo)一個好人(ren)(ren)。要做(zuo)一個好人(ren)(ren),就(jiu)要有(you)品(pin)(pin)(pin)德(de)、有(you)知識、有(you)責任(ren),要堅持品(pin)(pin)(pin)德(de)為先。你們(men)現在都(dou)是小樹苗,品(pin)(pin)(pin)德(de)的養成需(xu)要豐富(fu)的營養、肥沃的土壤,這樣(yang)(yang)才能茁壯成長。現在把(ba)自己的品(pin)(pin)(pin)德(de)培育得(de)越好,將來人(ren)(ren)就(jiu)能做(zuo)得(de)越好。要學(xue)會做(zuo)人(ren)(ren)的準(zhun)則(ze),就(jiu)要學(xue)習(xi)(xi)和傳承中華民族傳統美德(de),學(xue)習(xi)(xi)和弘揚社會主(zhu)義新風尚,熱愛生活,懂得(de)感恩,與(yu)人(ren)(ren)為善,明(ming)禮誠信(xin),爭當學(xue)習(xi)(xi)和實踐(jian)社會主(zhu)義核心價值觀的小模范。
他(ta)指(zhi)出,要(yao)(yao)(yao)從(cong)(cong)小(xiao)學(xue)習立志(zhi)(zhi)。志(zhi)(zhi)向(xiang)(xiang)是人(ren)(ren)(ren)生的(de)(de)航標。一(yi)個(ge)人(ren)(ren)(ren)要(yao)(yao)(yao)做出一(yi)番成就,就要(yao)(yao)(yao)有(you)自己的(de)(de)志(zhi)(zhi)向(xiang)(xiang)。一(yi)個(ge)人(ren)(ren)(ren)可(ke)以有(you)很多志(zhi)(zhi)向(xiang)(xiang),但人(ren)(ren)(ren)生最(zui)重要(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)志(zhi)(zhi)向(xiang)(xiang)應(ying)該(gai)同(tong)祖(zu)(zu)國(guo)和(he)人(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)聯系(xi)在(zai)一(yi)起(qi),這是人(ren)(ren)(ren)們(men)各種具體志(zhi)(zhi)向(xiang)(xiang)的(de)(de)底(di)盤,也是人(ren)(ren)(ren)生的(de)(de)脊梁。你們(men)要(yao)(yao)(yao)注意培(pei)養追求真理、報效祖(zu)(zu)國(guo)的(de)(de)志(zhi)(zhi)向(xiang)(xiang),愛祖(zu)(zu)國(guo)、愛人(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)、愛勞動(dong)、愛科學(xue)、愛社會主義,時刻把祖(zu)(zu)國(guo)和(he)人(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)放在(zai)心(xin)中,從(cong)(cong)小(xiao)聽黨的(de)(de)話、跟著黨走,努力(li)做祖(zu)(zu)國(guo)和(he)人(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)需要(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)好孩子,做祖(zu)(zu)國(guo)和(he)人(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)事業發展的(de)(de)接班人(ren)(ren)(ren)。
他(ta)強調,要(yao)(yao)從小學(xue)習(xi)創造(zao)(zao)(zao)。幸(xing)福不(bu)是(shi)(shi)毛(mao)毛(mao)雨,幸(xing)福不(bu)是(shi)(shi)免費午餐,幸(xing)福不(bu)會(hui)從天而降。人世間(jian)的(de)(de)一切(qie)(qie)成就、一切(qie)(qie)幸(xing)福都源于勞動(dong)和創造(zao)(zao)(zao)。時代(dai)總是(shi)(shi)不(bu)斷發(fa)展的(de)(de),等你(ni)們(men)(men)長大了,生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)將發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)巨大變(bian)化,科技也(ye)會(hui)取得巨大進(jin)(jin)步(bu),需(xu)要(yao)(yao)你(ni)們(men)(men)用新(xin)理念、新(xin)知識(shi)、新(xin)本(ben)領去適應和創造(zao)(zao)(zao)新(xin)生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo),這樣一個民(min)族、人類進(jin)(jin)步(bu)才(cai)能生(sheng)(sheng)生(sheng)(sheng)不(bu)息(xi)。從現在起(qi),你(ni)們(men)(men)就要(yao)(yao)爭(zheng)當勤奮學(xue)習(xi)、自覺勞動(dong)、勇于創造(zao)(zao)(zao)的(de)(de)小標兵(bing)。
黨史回眸
1936年
6月1日(ri) 為(wei)培養補充抗日(ri)軍(jun)(jun)政干部,提高紅軍(jun)(jun)自身的(de)戰略技術(shu)水(shui)平,中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)人(ren)民(min)抗日(ri)紅軍(jun)(jun)大學(xue)在(zai)陜北瓦窯堡創立。同日(ri),第一(yi)期(qi)學(xue)員舉(ju)行開(kai)學(xue)典(dian)禮(li),毛(mao)澤東(dong)(dong)(dong)、張聞天(tian)、周恩來等出席(xi)開(kai)學(xue)典(dian)禮(li)并講話。1937年(nian)1月20日(ri),紅大隨中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)機關遷至延安,改稱中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)人(ren)民(min)抗日(ri)軍(jun)(jun)事政治大學(xue)。1945年(nian)8月,隨著抗戰勝(sheng)利,抗大完成(cheng)了歷史(shi)使(shi)命。10月,原抗大總校一(yi)部分教職(zhi)學(xue)員奉(feng)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)軍(jun)(jun)委命令向東(dong)(dong)(dong)北進軍(jun)(jun),1946年(nian)2月底到達吉林通化,籌辦東(dong)(dong)(dong)北軍(jun)(jun)政大學(xue)。新中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)成(cheng)立后遷入北京,發展(zhan)成(cheng)為(wei)今(jin)天(tian)的(de)國(guo)防大學(xue)。
1958年
6月1日(ri) 中(zhong)(zhong)國共(gong)產黨(dang)中(zhong)(zhong)央委員會理(li)論刊物《紅旗》雜志(zhi)創刊。
1988年
6月1日 中(zhong)(zhong)共中(zhong)(zhong)央發出《關于黨和國家機關必須(xu)保持廉潔的(de)通知》。《通知》說:在整(zheng)個改革開(kai)放的(de)過程中(zhong)(zhong),我(wo)們(men)必須(xu)做到:改革開(kai)放,繁(fan)榮經濟,要(yao)堅定(ding)不(bu)移;保持廉潔,防(fang)止(zhi)腐(fu)敗,也(ye)要(yao)堅定(ding)不(bu)移。
歷史瞬間
1936年6月1日(ri),中國人民(min)抗(kang)日(ri)紅軍大學在陜北瓦窯(yao)堡創立。圖為大學舊址。
來源:中央黨史和文獻研究院網站